Piping Design
Piping routing and stress analysis studies starts after P&ID 1st issue with:
- Flow Anaylsis
- Surge Analysis
- Water Hammer Analysis
PPD uses 3D plant modeling software for routing and stress analysis software to ensure piping system works under process conditions, start-up / shut –down cycles and dynamic loads such as earthquake.
Maintenance and safety margins on site are taken into account during pipe routing and equipment placement studies.
Level 1 : Visual Analysis
No stress analysis is required. The piping lines are routed and supported by piping designers as per usual practice.
Level 2: Simplified Analysis
This method includes the use of charts, cantilever method or simplified formulae.
Level 3: Detailed analysis
Detailed analysis by computer program shall be carried out.